Histogram

A Histogram map is one that serves a a geographical representation of the distribution of data. It analyzes and displays the probability distribution of a continuous variable. 

http://procomun.wordpress.com/2012/02/20/maps_with_r_2/ 

Parallel coordinate grapg

Parallel coordinate graph maps a re a common way of visualizing high dimensional geometry and analyzing data. 

http://andrewgelman.com/2007/10/15/parallel_coordi/

Triangular plot

Triangular plot maps is a barycentric plot on three different variables which sum up to a constant.  This type of map usually represents the ratios of the three different variables as positions in an equilateral triangle.  

http://www.pazsoftware.com/Ternary5.html

Windrose Map

A wind rose map give an off-putting view on how windspeed and direction are typically distributed in a particular region. These sorts of maps are represented in a circular format to show which direction the wind in blowing in. The maps are made of different circles that represent different wind patter factors.

http://www.climate.washington.edu/climate.html

Climograph

A Climograph map is one that shows a graphical representation of basic climatic parameters at a certain location. This type of map can be used for a quick glance at the type of climate conditions of an area.

http://drought.unl.edu/DroughtBasics/WhatisClimatology.aspx

Population profile

A Population profile map is one that shows the number of people as a function of their ages. This map is shooing the profile of adults with and without AIDS. 

http://www.ifad.org/operations/regional/pf/aids_1.htm

 

Scatterplot

A scatterplot map is a map that uses dots to represents certain data. It is a graph of plotted points that show a relationship between two sets of data. The dots are plotted off of an x and y axis and places in open space within the graphing area. These are similar to bivariate maps.

http://www.allbusiness.com/glossaries/scattergraph-scatter-plot/4950934-1.html